Exploring the World of Biology
Biology Ke Janak Kise Khaa Jaata Hai?
Biology ke janak kise khaa jaataa hai?
Biology is the study of the natural world. It is a wide discipline that includes many different subjects. Some of these include chemistry, physics, and mathematics. It also covers many other things, including the environment and human health.
The ‘Father of Biology’ was Aristotle, who arranged biology into parts and made it systematic. Theophrastus and Carl Linnaeus are known for classifying plants and animals. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian who worked on garden pea (Pisum sativum).
History of Biology
From ancient knowledge of nonpoisonous plants to medieval descriptions of bird morphology and the modern discoveries of Gregor Mendel and Francis Crick, biology has fascinated humans. This incisive book explores the major transformations in biological thinking and the enduring scientific concerns that have driven them.
The book examines a biological hierarchy in which each higher level emerges as a result of complex interactions between its constituents. This systemic perspective distinguishes biology from chemistry and physics.
Evolution of Biology
Biology is the study of life, from the molecular level of biomolecules and cells to the planetary scale of ecosystems. Biologists seek to answer fundamental questions about life, such as how a single cell knows how to build a complex organism, how evolution works, and what the limits of the biological species concept are.
Related terms include: biogeography, classification, cladistics, ecology, phenetics, and recognition.
Life Sciences
The life sciences is a massive field that covers the study of every living thing, past and present. It includes everything from cancer genomics to the research and development of pharmaceuticals and medical devices.
A career in the life science industry is about more than just a job, it’s about improving people’s lives by connecting science and technology. This ecosystem is growing rapidly and offers many exciting jobs.
Physical Sciences
Scientists in the physical sciences delve into a wide range of topics. They research everything from the largest scale structure of the universe to how materials behave at a microscopic level.
For example, hydrologists may study water samples from different terrains to record their properties like volume, velocity and pollutant levels. Carl Linnaeus was the first to classify flora and fauna using his binomial nomenclature system.
Biochemistry
Biochemistry is the study of living things at the cellular and molecular level. It combines biology and chemistry to investigate the chemical structures of living organisms.
It involves studying the chemistry behind biological processes, such as cellular multiplication and differentiation, enzyme action, genetics, and the chemistry of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, and energy. It also includes the investigation of disease states and their causes.
Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes and their role in heredity. It also includes the study of traits that are influenced by genes and other factors, such as environment.
The ‘Father of Genetics’ was the Moravian Augustinian pastor Gregor Mendel, who worked on garden pea seeds in the mid-19th century and developed his theories of heredity. His work paved the way for present-day genetics.
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the application of biological knowledge and engineering principles to make useful products. It has been used since the domestication of plants and animals. Cheese is one of the earliest direct applications of biotechnology, produced by adding rennet to milk and using microbes to convert it into curd.
Modern applications of biotechnology are most often through genetic engineering. These techniques can reduce insecticide use, increase crop yields, and improve the nutritional quality of food.
Microbiology
Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms (called microorganisms) that are invisible to the naked eye. The field began with the 17th-century discovery that living forms exist that are not visible to the human eye, credited to Antonie van Leeuwenhoek who made detailed observations under microscopes of his own design.
In pharmaceutical or medical device manufacturing, microbiologists monitor levels of microbial contamination throughout the production process to ensure that finished products are safe for use.
Botany
Botany (or plant science) is the scientific study of plants. This broad subject includes morphology, biochemistry, metabolism, development, diseases and evolution.
Theophrastus of Greece is credited with founding botany, and in the XVIII century Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus introduced the binomial system of classification.
Present day research is aimed at providing staple foods, developing new medicines and preserving natural resources. In addition, a great deal of research is now being conducted into plant genetics and molecular biology.
Zoology
While zoology has “zoo” in its name, this discipline encompasses more than just animal behavior. Students with a degree in zoology can work in a variety of fields, including research, education, conservation and veterinary medicine.
Biology is a broad subject with many unifying themes. It includes field botany, zoology, microbiology and more. The study of life is essential for anyone interested in preserving our natural world.